indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
delicious; tasty; sweet; attractive; appealing; convenient
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
sweets (desserts, candy, etc.)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
ingredient; (raw) material; unprocessed timber; raw timber; subject matter; topic
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
master; teacher; stable master
completion; finish; workmanship; result; outcome
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)