indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
sweets (desserts, candy, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
father; dad; husband; you; he
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to deliver; to forward; to send; to report; to notify; to file notice (to the authorities)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
delicious; tasty; sweet; attractive; appealing; convenient
Java (programming language)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
thought; imagination; mind; desire; wish; love
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
loveable; very likeable; like very much
completion; finish; workmanship; result; outcome
festival (esp. music, film, etc.)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to