to go by; to go past; to run (between; of a rail service, bus route, etc.); to operate (between); to go indoors; to go into a room; to penetrate
line (of text); row; carya (austerities); samskara (formations); semi-cursive style (of writing Chinese characters); running style
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
heavenly god; heavenly gods; spirit of Sugawara no Michizane; Tenmangu shrine (dedicated to Michizane's spirit); pit of a dried plum; dried plum; tenjin hairstyle
origin; source; base; basis; cause; ingredient; material
to arrive at (e.g. a decision); to reach (a stage); to lead to (a place); to get to; in the extreme case of; (arch.) to come
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
useless; futile; unnecessary; needless; not on business; unrelated
very; awfully; exceedingly; (not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
ten; 10; ten years of age
congratulation; congratulations; celebration; congratulatory gift; present
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
both (hands, parents, sides, etc.); counter for carriages (e.g. in a train); counter for vehicles; ryō; tael; ryō; pre-Meiji unit of currency, orig. the value of one ryō of gold
type of household amulet or talisman, issued by a Shinto shrine, hung in the house for protection
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to dedicate; to make an offering; to supply; to store; to finish; to bring to a close; to restore (something to its place)
to come; to go; to participate; to perform Zen meditation
the way there; outbound leg; bound for ...; outbound ticket
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
under one's arm; (in) the armpit
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
continuing from beginning to end; continuous run; appetizer; starter; performance of an entire play
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
slowly; quietly; steadily; soon; momentarily; before long
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
the truth; fact; as it is; as you are; frank; bare plain
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
lovely; dear; beloved; pitiable; pitiful
to close (e.g. book, eyes, meeting, etc.); to shut
to ask; to enquire; to query
secret; secrecy; mystery; secret (e.g. to success); esoteric teachings
small room; closet; cubicle; booth; stall
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then