indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
lovely; wonderful; nice; great; fantastic; superb
wow!; oh!; yeah!; alright!; waah!; boohoo!
that child; that kid; that boy; (arch.) you
anyhow; at any rate; anyway; somehow or other; generally speaking; in any case
to two-time; to play it both ways; to sit on the fence
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
unthinkable; unexpected; absolutely not!; far from it!; (it was) no bother at all; not at all
suffix for familiar person
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
feeling; sensation; preparedness; readiness; thought; sentiment
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
grateful; thankful; welcome; appreciated; evoking gratitude
to permit; to allow; to forgive; to pardon; to exempt (someone) from; to remit; to acknowledge
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
detestable; abhorrent; loathsome
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
incident; affair; happening; event
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
evening; night; dinner; evening meal; counter for nights
cooked rice; meal; food; one's living; livelihood
remnant; residue; remaining; left-over
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to fish; to look for; to search for; to go on a spree (spending, reading, etc.); to binge
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to sleep; to die; to rest (in peace); to lie idle (e.g. of resources); to lie unused; (arch.) to close one's eyes
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
heat; fever; temperature; zeal; passion