indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
adds force or indicates command
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
suffix for familiar person
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
counter for occurrences; a time; an instance; inning (baseball); round; episode; chapter
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
match; game; bout; contest
supervision; control; superintendence; director; superintendent; supervisor
strike (e.g. in baseball, bowling)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
pair; couple; antithesis; counter for items that come in pairs; counter for sets (of clothes, small furniture, utensils, etc.)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
many; numerous; large amount of; large quantity of; frequent; common
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
quantity; amount; volume; number; amount of money
pitcher; pitcher (container); jug
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
dot; spot; mark (in an exam, etc.); grade; point (in a game); score; point (in geometry)
world; society; life; lifetime; age; era; reign
baseball club (at a university, corporation, etc.); baseball team