indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
suffix for familiar person
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
counter for occurrences; a time; an instance; inning (baseball); round; episode; chapter
number (in a series); (one's) turn; watch; guard; rank; standing; bout
match; game; bout; contest
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
same score; deadlock; tie; draw
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
blue; azure; green; green light (traffic); black (horse coat color); blue 5-point card; immature
educational institution; school; academy; campus
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
adds force or indicates command
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
to turn; to revolve; to visit several places; to function well; to pass a certain time
sorry; excuse me; thank you
elder brother; one's senior; older man; man older than oneself
ball; ball (pitch that falls outside of the strike zone); bowl; board (cardboard, pasteboard, etc.)
Ming dynasty (China, 1368-1644)