to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
potter's wheel; lathe; pulley; windlass
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
to exorcise; to cleanse; to purify
hail (esp. hailballs 5 mm or greater)
asterism; pattern of stars which do not form a constellation
well done!; good job!; good work!; you did it!; bravo!
town; block; street; road; chō (unit of length, approx. 109.09 m); chō (unit of land area, approx. 0.99 hectares)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
how; in what way; how about
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to fall; to drop; to set (of the sun or moon); to sink; to decrease (of popularity, quality, speed, sales, etc.); to fall; to be inferior (to)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to be decided; to be settled; to be unchanging; to be the same (as always); to be a fixed rule; to be destined; to be well executed (of a manoeuvre in a sport, game, etc.)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; 's; of
seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
now; the present time; just now; another; more
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; used for soft emphasis or to soften a statement or request; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of
to fill; to become full (of); to wax (of the moon); to rise (of the tide); to flow; to expire (of a period of time)
sky; heaven; God; svarga (heaven-like realm visited as a stage of death and rebirth); deva (divine being of Buddhism); top (of a book); sole (of a Japanese sandal)
commander; general; leader
to receive; to take; to get someone to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to decline (of morals, character, etc.); to become vulgar (e.g. of a conversation); to stoop (to); to be ruined; to go under; to fall (into hell)
father; dad; husband; you (of an elderly person older than the speaker); he
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
dangerous; risky; awful; terrible; terrific; amazing
adds light emphasis or insistence to a statement; gives a statement a threatening or condescending tone
he; she; this; this one; hey, you!; you bastard!