lathe; potter's wheel; windlass; pulley
(not) anything; (nothing) at all; and everything else; and all; (not) at all; (not) in the least
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
diviner; sorcerer; exorcist; medium
disqualification; elimination; incapacity; being unfit for one's role; being a failure
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
what's the matter?; what's wrong?; what happened (to) ...?; what have you done (with) ...?; where is ...?
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
any; anything; whatever; I am told; I hear; I understand
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
lie; fib; mistake; error; unwise move; bad decision
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
strange; odd; unexpected; change; incident; disturbance
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
easy; trifling; harmless; nothing of the sort; not at all
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
indicates supposition; if ... then; when; (typically after someone's name) indicates exasperation
is that so? (generally rhetorical)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
cosmic dual forces; yin and yang; sun and moon, etc.
two reams (of paper); 1000 sheets (of paper); stanza; verse; tribe (in taxonomy); forecast (bet); bet which predicts the top 2 finishers (i.e. quinella or perfecta bet)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
painful; bitter; tough; difficult; cruel; harsh
duty; function; office; mission; task
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to cease; to desist; to cut it out; to lay off (an activity); to drop (a subject) to abolish; to resign
grandfather (may be used after name as honorific); male senior-citizen (may be used after name as honorific)
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
other (place, thing, person); the rest; outside; beyond; nothing except; nothing but
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
than; from; out of; except; but; more
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
very; greatly; much; just about to; almost; very nearly