be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
tactics; strategy; military operation; naval operation
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
multi-floor building; multi-storey building; bill
how; in what way; how about
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
to move; to stir; to operate; to run; to make a move; to take action; to be touched
be supposed or expected to (do); be sure to (do); ought to (do)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
normal; ordinary; normally; ordinarily; local train; train that stops at every station
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
adds force or indicates command
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to stand; to rise; to find oneself (e.g. in a difficult position); to depart (on a plane, train, etc.)
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
state; state of affairs; appearance; look; sign; indication
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to change; to be transformed; to move to; to be different; to be uncommon
oneself; oneself; for oneself; personally
door; gate; opening; title page
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to open; to undo; to bloom; to unfold; to open (for business, e.g. in the morning); to be wide (gap, etc.); to widen
deplorable; regrettable; disappointing; vexing; unfortunate
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
amusement; fun; brief entertainment