indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
marriage ceremony; wedding; nuptials
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
book; document; calligraphy (esp. Chinese); penmanship; handwriting; letter
rabbit; hare; coney; cony; lagomorph (esp. leporids)
suffix for familiar person
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
it is, isn't it?; I know, right?; innit?
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
to hurry; to rush; to hasten; to make something happen sooner
I'm off; see you later; to go (and then come back)
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
each time; always; often; thank you for your continued patronage
bread; (sweet) pastry; staff of life; one's bread
delivery (of a package, goods, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to rise; to go up; to enter (esp. from outdoors); to come in; to enter (a school); to advance to the next grade; to get out (of water)
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
I appreciate your efforts
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
honorific/polite/humble prefix
happiness; good fortune; luck; blessing
to convey; to report; to transmit; to communicate; to tell; to impart
please (give me); please (do for me)
lovely; wonderful; nice; great; fantastic; superb
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
sometime; someday; one day; some time or other; the other day; in due course
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
there; over there; genitals; private parts; that far; that much
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)