indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to feel; to sense; to experience
please (give me); please (do for me)
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
to pass (the night); to spend; to reveal; to divulge; to prove; to verify
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence
shh!; sh!; shush!; shoo!; go away!
to believe; to believe in; to place trust in; to confide in; to have faith in
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
while; during; while; although; all; both
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
road; path; route; way; distance; journey; road (e.g. to victory)
to step on; to tread on; to set foot on (e.g. foreign soil); to stand on; to experience; to undergo; to follow (rules, principles, etc.)
to make a mistake (in); to commit an error; to be wrong; to be incorrect; to mislead; to misguide
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
answer; reply; response; answer; solution; result
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to (take out and) show; to demonstrate; to point out (finger, clock hand, needle, etc.); to indicate; to show
(period of) a year; during an era
to search for; to seek for; to look for
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
once; before; formerly; never yet; never before; first time
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
quick; speedy; prompt; rapid; swift
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
transmission of electricity; electricity supply; power supply
than; from; out of; except; but; more
cutting; severance; section; amputation; disconnection
to change; to exchange; to convert; to renew; to throw a switch; to replace
comprehension; consent; understanding; OK; roger (on two-way radio)