indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to fall (over, down); to collapse; to be destroyed (in a collapse); to collapse; to be confined to bed (with an illness); to come down with; to die
result; consequence; coming to fruition; bearing fruit; as a result; consequently
state secrets; secrets of the state
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
name; given name; title; fame; renown; pretext
below; down; bottom; beneath; underneath; just after; right after
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
many; much; majority (of); greater part (of); mostly; mainly
materials; data; document
bright sunshine; broad daylight
to expose (to the sun, public, danger, etc.); to bleach; to refine; to rinse (vegetables); to soak; to doxx
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
(sect) founder; apostle; originator; inventor
Rudolf; Rudolff; Rudolfo; Rudolph
dying; death; dead; useless; damned
to be due to; to be caused by; to depend on; to turn on; to be based on; to come from
to swing; to sway; to shake; to waver; to feel shaken; to become unstable
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
galactic empire (in science fiction)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
prefix for forming ordinal numbers
charge; cost; generation; age; era; a representative of; on behalf of
Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor
counter for generations; epoch
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
public matter; governmental matter; prince; duke; lord; sir
by means of; due to; because of; according to
to inherit; to succeed; to take over
person; -er; (arch.) expert; (arch.) geisha; (arch.) prostitute
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
oppression; suppression; pressure
to perform; to do; to conduct oneself; to carry out