indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
lieutenant general; vice-admiral
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
your Excellency; his Excellency; her Excellency
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
prefix for forming ordinal numbers
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
tactics; strategy; military operation; naval operation
council (consultatory, advisory); board of trustees
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
in that way; thus; so; so?
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
honorific/polite/humble prefix
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point