there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
historic ruins (remains, relics); archeological site
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
danger; peril; hazard; risk
amount necessary to fill a container (e.g. cupful, spoonful, etc.); drink (usu. alcoholic); full; one squid, octopus, crab, etc.; one boat; fully; to capacity
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
(not) ever; (not) by any means; (not) in the least; (not) in any way; (not) at all
to give up; to abandon (hope, plans); to resign oneself (to)
to join forces; to cooperate
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to want; to wish for; to request; to demand; to seek; to search for
to push on; to plunge forward; to push one's way to
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
prince; subordinate Kumano shrine
sentence-ending particle expressing doubt
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
square measure; size (e.g. of land); area; surface
together; jointly; at the same time; with; both
double; twice (as much); times (as much); -fold; 1-nth; 1 to n
scale; scope; plan; structure
to boast of; to be proud of; to take pride in
class (e.g. school); grade; rank; kyū; kyu; junior rank in martial arts, go, shogi, etc.
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to guess; to sense; to presume; to sympathize with; to sympathise with