pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
identification; ID; identity
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
riddle; puzzle; enigma; enigmatic; mysterious
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
genuine article; real thing; real deal
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to shut in; to confine (in); to seal in; to contain; to suppress; to restrain
card (information, filing, etc.); card (greetings, congratulations, etc.); (Western) playing cards; credit card; debit card; card; program
to obtain; to get; to procure; to win; to secure
to save; to rescue; to help; to assist; to support (financially); to contribute (to)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
assistance; help; aid; support; reinforcement
to want; to wish for; to request; to demand; to seek; to search for
group; body; party; company; troupe; gang
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to collect; to assemble; to gather
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (so) what (are you trying to say)?; what (do you mean)?
to scheme; to plan; to play a trick; to invent; to conspire; to frame up
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
around the world; throughout the world
to be scattered about; to disperse; to be littered (with)
collection; recovery; withdrawal; retrieval
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
in this way; like this; this (much); so; uh; er
-ness; indicates assertion; come (on); come now; er; um; indicates scrutiny, critique or mistrust
to disappear (of people or animals); to go (away); to leave; to no longer exist
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
(all) through (e.g. the night); throughout (e.g. the year); within (e.g. the week); in the course of (e.g. today); all over; throughout (e.g. the world)
absurd; unreasonable; extreme; senseless; disorderly; chaotic
isn't it?; let's ...; why don't we ...; how about we ...
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
to put in order; to tidy up; to settle (a matter); to solve; to finish; to get through