indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to roll up; to enfold; to swallow up; to involve; to drag into
dirty; filthy; disordered; messy; indecent (language, etc.); dirty
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
not a chance; not likely; no way; oh no; yuck; eew
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
(one's) older brother; lad; sonny
oneself; oneself; for oneself; personally
to do oneself; to do by oneself; to start work (on); to commence
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
yikes; oops; eep; wow; aargh
heh-heh; hee-hee; ha ha; (arch.) female genitals; (arch.) vagina; (arch.) vulva
as many as one likes; as much as one likes; great many; plenty; almost (none); (not) much
to strike; to hit; to beat; to punch
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
hey!; wait a minute!; whoa!; boohoo; waaaa
now; the present time; just now; another; more
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
to eat; to drink; to receive (e.g. a blow); to be on the receiving end (of something undesirable); to undergo (trouble)
to stand (up); to rise; to stand (in a position; of a person, tree, building, etc.); to be situated (in, on); to be (in difficulties, the lead, etc.); to put oneself (in a position or situation); to leave (to do something)
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to be amazed; to be shocked; to be astonished; to be astounded; to be disgusted; to be exasperated
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
faint; indistinct; dim; vague; subtle; delicate
to return (something); to restore; to turn over; to turn upside down; to pay back; to retaliate; to respond (with)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
(mental) attitude; way of thinking; attention; care; prudence; intention
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
counterattack; counteroffensive; counterblow
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
honorific/polite/humble prefix
(one's) older brother; young man; sonny; lad
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish