this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
route; path; channel (e.g. sales, distribution)
three times (as much); treble; triple; threefold
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
right triangle; right-angled triangle
area; vicinity; side; edge; circumstances
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
it is ... that ...; precisely; although; while; it is precisely because ... that ...; only because ...
definitely; absolutely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
let me see; well; errr ...; uhh ...
hmm; well ...; humph; roughly; harshly; violently
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
club activities; extracurricular activities
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
hindrance; obstacle; to visit (someone's home); demon who hinders Buddhist training; demon who obstructs sentient beings from maintaining moral behaviour
wow!; oh!; yeah!; alright!; waah!; boohoo!
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
to be careful; to pay attention; to take care
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
at last; finally; barely; narrowly; just
orchid; Netherlands; Holland