to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
fast; quick; early; soon; premature; too soon
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
already; yet; soon; shortly; further; more
box; case; car (of a train, etc.); shamisen case; shamisen; public building; community building
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
I'm home!; I'm back!; now; at present; just now; a moment ago
-ness; indicates assertion; come (on); come now; er; um; indicates scrutiny, critique or mistrust
(one's) older brother; lad; sonny
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
honorific/polite/humble prefix
meal (e.g. lunch, dinner); diet
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
older brother; elder brother; brother-in-law (spouse's older brother or older sister's husband)
cooked rice; meal; food; one's living; livelihood
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
sawara cypress (Chamaecyparis pisifera)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
to obtain; to come into possession of; to get hold of; to get one's hands on
because; as; since; because of that; therefore; accordingly
so; therefore; and; (and) then
jello; jelly; gelatin dessert; gel; jelly
pudding (esp. custard); black hair dyed blond but where the roots have again turned black
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to buy; to purchase; to value (highly); to think highly of; to incur (someone's anger, displeasure, etc.); to elicit (e.g. sneers)
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
as one would expect; just as you'd expect (from); just like (someone)
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
I; me; you; (arch.) manservant