indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
to wound; to injure; to hurt someone's feelings (pride, etc.); to damage; to chip
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
mud; slush; (wet) dirt; thief
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
continuously in some state (for a long time, distance); throughout; much (better, etc.); by far; far away; long ago
in this way; thus; such; uh...
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
decision; determination; resolution
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
by means of; due to; because of; according to
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to furnish with; to equip with; to prepare for; to make preparations for; to possess (all that is needed); to be endowed with
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to perform; to do; to conduct oneself; to carry out
training; drill; practice; discipline
inexperienced; unfamiliar (with); unversed; lacking experience
game of make-believe; child's play; pretend play
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
but (still); and yet; nevertheless; even so; notwithstanding
the best one can do; one's best effort; with all one's might; to the best of one's ability
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
serious; earnest; real sword (as opposed to a wooden practice weapon)
direct; immediate; personal; firsthand
to work on (someone); to appeal to; to make approaches to; to begin to work
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
bow and arrow; weapon; arms
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
concentration; focusing; convergence; within a collection of works
in that way; thus; so; so?
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
bow (weapon); archery; bow (for a violin, etc.)