congratulations; felicitations; best wishes; longevity; long life
keep it up!; way to go!; you've got it!; that's it; attaboy!; attagirl!
leaving (on, open, unfinished, etc.); (doing) continuously; constantly; keep ...-ing
gap; lag; difference; discrepancy; shear (e.g. shear stress)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
song; singing; classical Japanese poem (esp. tanka); modern poetry
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to stop (moving); to come to a stop; to stop (doing, working, being supplied); to come to a halt; to alight; to perch on
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to be due to; to be caused by; to depend on; to turn on; to be based on; to come from
to pile up; to stack; to load (car, ship, etc.); to pack; to acquire; to accumulate
consequence; outcome; result; blame; fault
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
fuel consumption; gas mileage
sharp drop; plunge; nosedive; slump; (value or amount) plummeting
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
a little; a bit; a little while; a short time; a little way; a short distance
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
endurance; patience; perseverance; self-control; self-restraint
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
heavy; weighty; heavy (feeling); depressed; slow; sluggish; important (position, responsibility, etc.)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
was it?; I think it was ...; if I've got it right; (I, we) used to ...; I remember ...; it was ...
there's no (other) way; cannot be helped; unavoidable; it's no use (doing); pointless; hopeless (person)
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to differ (from); to be different; to be wrong; to be incorrect; to become abnormal; to go wrong
to be attached; to be connected with; to remain imprinted; to scar; to bear (fruit, interest, etc.); to be acquired (of a habit, ability, etc.); to increase (of strength, etc.)
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
yikes!; eek!; ook; eek; customer
to bear a grudge against; to resent; to blame; to curse; to feel bitter towards
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
to drop; to lose; to clean off (dirt, makeup, paint, etc.); to remove (e.g. stains or facial hair); to lose (a match); to reject (an applicant); to lower (e.g. shoulders or voice)
myself; yourself; I; me; you
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?