indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
jersey (fabric); jersey; (sports) uniform; Jersey (cattle)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
to run; to run (of a vehicle); to drive; to rush (to); to dash; to retreat; to flee
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
in that way; thus; so; so?
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
phew; whew; huff; whoo; wohoo
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become