indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
(sea) voyage; navigation; sailing; passage; cruise
illustrated diary; picture diary
August; eighth month of the lunar calendar
twenty-first day of the month; twenty-one days
number; edition; sobriquet; pen-name; size (of printing types, canvases, knitting needles, etc.); suffix attached to names of ships, trains, airplanes, etc.
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
twelve o'clock; noon; midnight
interval; period of time; among; between; good opportunity; chance
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
attack; assault; raid; criticism; censure; denunciation
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
very; awfully; exceedingly; (not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)
strange; odd; unexpected; change; incident; disturbance
malicious; ill-tempered; unkind
right; right-hand side; afore-mentioned (esp. in vertical Japanese writing); foregoing; forgoing
degree (angle, temperature, scale, etc.); counter for occurrences; strength (of glasses); glasses prescription; alcohol content (percentage); alcohol by volume; extent
chance; opportunity; machine; aircraft; counter for aircraft; counter for (remaining) lives
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
course; route; course (of study); program; lane (in running, swimming, etc.); course (of action); policy
10,000; ten thousand; myriad; everything; all; (arch.) various
kilo-; 1000; kilogram; kilogramme; kilometre; kilometer
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
to feel nervous; to feel afraid; to be startled; to be surprised; (arch.) to be shy; (arch.) to be bashful
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
is that so? (generally rhetorical)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
when; at what time; how soon; normal times; ordinary days
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
to start; to begin; to challenge; to pick (a fight); to set (traps); to plant (explosives)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
disagreeable; detestable; unpleasant; reluctant