indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to throw away; to cast away; to abandon; to desert; to give up; to resign
healing; soothing; therapy; comfort; solace
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
song; singing; classical Japanese poem (esp. tanka); modern poetry
what kind of; what sort of; what
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
poor thing!; pour soul!; what a pity!
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
grandfather; male senior-citizen
lie; fib; mistake; error; unwise move; bad decision
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young woman; young (animal); offshoot
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
pluralizing suffix; or so; rough indicator of direction, location, amount, etc.; nominalizing suffix
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
name; given name; first name
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
how about ...?; I wonder; I don't know
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
name; given name; title; fame; renown; pretext
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
cute; adorable; dear; precious; innocent; childlike
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till