indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
disagreeable; detestable; unpleasant; reluctant
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
myself; yourself; I; me; you
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
prefix for forming ordinal numbers
chance; opportunity; machine; aircraft; counter for aircraft; counter for (remaining) lives
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
to save; to rescue; to help; to assist; to support (financially); to contribute (to)