indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
attack; assault; raid; criticism; censure; denunciation
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
artificial satellite; man-made satellite
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
cooperation; collaboration
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
equation; formula; ceremony; style; (arch.) enforcement regulations (of the ritsuryo)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
Gundam (titular giant robot of anime "Mobile Suit Gundam")
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
descent; fall; drop; passing down (of an order, decree, etc.)
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to meet (by chance); to come across; to meet (e.g. of rivers, highways, etc.); to emerge and engage (an enemy)
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
had better ...; had better not ...
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
attitude; posture; preparedness; readiness
to take; to pick up; to pass; to hand; to get; to obtain; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.)
to be able (to); to be possible (to)
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
opponent; rival; adversary; menace; danger; threat
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to give someone space; to give someone breathing room; to cut someone some slack; to provide leeway; to provide an opportunity
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
foot (of a mountain or hill); bottom; base
charge; rush; dash; assault; attack
force; unit; corps; squad; troops; party
order; command; decree; (software) instruction; statement
(exercising) the right to command
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she