that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
discovery; detection; finding
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
at that time; in those days
science and technology; technology; scientific techniques
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
explanation; exposition; description; account; caption; legend
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
understanding; comprehension; appreciation; sympathy
to be able to do; to be possible; to be good at; to do well; to come into existence; to form; to be made
indicates reason or excuse; indicates dissatisfaction; indicates desire to be pampered or indulged
riddle; puzzle; enigma; enigmatic; mysterious
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
giant; great man; Tokyo Giants (baseball team)
origin; source; history; originally; from the start; by nature
unclear; obscure; unknown; unidentified; ignorance; lack of wisdom
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
artifact; relic (of a past civilization); relic (of a former age); vestige of a bygone era; anachronism; outdated thing
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
whole; entirety; to begin with; in the first place; ... the heck (e.g. "what the heck?"); ... in the world (e.g. "why in the world?")
property; fortune; assets
monopoly; monopolization; exclusivity; hogging; keeping to oneself
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
various foreign countries; several foreign countries
pressure; pressure (e.g. political); arm-twisting
by means of; due to; because of; according to
control; management (e.g. of a business)
under (influence, control, conditions, etc. of); during (war, occupation, etc.)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that
place; location; room; space; sumo tournament
research; study; investigation
facility; facilities; institution; home (for the elderly, orphans, etc.)