the other day; a few days ago
black; black go stone; guilt; guilty person
hereditary occupational group (Yamato period)
river; stream; River; the ... river
mid-stream; middle course; middle class
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
gorge; ravine; canyon; glen
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
again; once more; a second time
large; large-sized; large-scale; big
by means of; due to; because of; according to
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
luckily; blessedly; fortunately
casualties; the killed and wounded
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to catch; to capture; to catch hold of (someone); to stop (e.g. a stranger in the street); towards (someone); at (someone)
space alien; alien; extraterrestrial being
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
to talk; to chat; to chatter
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
in so doing; when you do so; in this regard; on this occasion; some time during that period
opponent; rival; adversary; menace; danger; threat
capitulation; surrender; submission; yield
intention; wish; purpose; mind (to do)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to (take out and) show; to demonstrate; to point out (finger, clock hand, needle, etc.); to indicate; to show
pattern; figure; state; condition; conjecture of the current situation; the way it seems; model
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
research establishment; research institute; laboratory
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
matter; affair; counter for (received) emails, text messages, voicemail messages, etc.; counter for accounts (on a website, email service, etc.)
related to; in relation to; as far as ... is concerned
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very