next; following; subsequent; stage; station
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
theme; topic; subject matter; motif; project; slogan
battle; war; fight (against time, poverty, etc.); struggle (for freedom, survival, etc.); contest; competition
seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
continuously; the whole time; much (more); (by) far; far (away); long (ago, before, after)
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to differ (from); to be different; to be wrong; to be incorrect; to become abnormal; to go wrong
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to lose; to be defeated; to give in (to); to yield; to be inferior (to); to be second (to)
courage; bravery; valour; valor; nerve; boldness
pleasant feeling; good vibes
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; 's; of
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
feeling in the hands (when striking, poking, etc.); (feeling of) resistance; response (to one's efforts); reaction; (having an) effect (on)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
not understanding; not knowing
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
normal; ordinary; normally; ordinarily; local train; train that stops at every station
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
encounter; running into; meeting with (e.g. an accident); being confronted with (e.g. a difficulty)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as