to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
that sort of; that kind of; like that; such; so
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
yes?; no?; isn't it?; is it?
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
king; ruler; tycoon; magnate; king (of the senior player)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
posthumous name; posthumous title
to get drunk; to become intoxicated; to feel sick (e.g. in a vehicle); to become nauseated; to be elated; to be exalted
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
loss (of something); disadvantage; mistake; error; flaw; defect
road; path; way; set of practices; Buddhist teachings; Taoism; modern administrative region of Japan (Hokkaido)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
sure; certain; reliable; trustworthy; If I'm not mistaken; If I remember correctly
willingly; voluntarily; on one's own accord
proposal; offer; request; application
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
be supposed or expected to (do); be sure to (do); ought to (do)
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
somewhere; anywhere; in some respects
merchant; trader; tradesman; dealer; shopkeeper
daughter; girl (i.e. a young, unmarried woman)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
normal; ordinary; normally; ordinarily; local train; train that stops at every station
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case