indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
information; news; intelligence; information; data contained in characters, signals, code, etc.
completion; conclusion; perfect (tense, form, aspect)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to say; to tell; to state; to do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
of course; certainly; naturally
any more; any further; any better; any longer
to hit; to strike; to strike (noon, etc.); to sound (cymbals, etc.); to beat (rhythmically, e.g. pulse, waves, etc.); to move; to impress
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
without; unacceptable; not alright; unsatisfactory
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
feeling; sense; impression
in this way; thus; such; uh...
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
ace up one's sleeve; trump card; secret skills; secret; (arch.) left hand
search; lookup; hunt; (item of) research; exploration; investigation
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
star (usu. not including the Sun); planet (usu. not including Earth); star (glyph, symbol, shape); star (actor, player, etc.); small dot; spot; star point (in go)
reading; reading (of a kanji, esp. kun reading); reading (e.g. of a situation); insight
have no choice; there is nothing but; no more than
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
fortune-telling; divination
teacher; master; religious leader; specialist; (arch.) five-battalion brigade comprising 2500 men (Zhou-dynasty Chinese army)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to tell someone's fortune; to forecast; to predict; to divine
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become