if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
constellation; astrological sign; star sign; zodiac sign
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
junior high school; middle school; lower secondary school
pupil in ... year; student in ... year
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to draw; to paint; to depict; to describe; to picture in one's mind; to imagine
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
limited time; limited-time offer
amount necessary to fill a container (e.g. cupful, spoonful, etc.); drink (usu. alcoholic); full; one squid, octopus, crab, etc.; one boat; fully; to capacity
to buy; to purchase; to value; to have a high opinion; to stir; to provoke
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to invite; to ask (someone to do); to tempt; to lure; to induce (tears, laughter, sleepiness, etc.); to arouse (e.g. sympathy)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
tea (usu. green); tea break (at work); tea ceremony
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
papa; dad; daddy; sugar daddy
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to go out (e.g. on an excursion or outing); to leave; to depart; to be about to leave; to be just going out
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
hello; good day; good afternoon
thank you; thanks; much (thanks); very (sorry); quite; really; somehow
How do you do?; I am glad to meet you
look!; look out!; hey!; look at me!; there you are!
that sort of; that kind of; like that; such; so
greeting; a fine thing to say