if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
constellation; astrological sign; star sign; zodiac sign
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
junior high school; middle school; lower secondary school
pupil in ... year; student in ... year
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
to search for; to look for; to hunt for; to search (a house, pocket, etc.); to search through; to rummage in (e.g. a drawer)
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
far away; distant place; long ago; far back; by far
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
to have a go; to try and do (something); to take a chance with something
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to attach; to join; to furnish (a house with); to wear; to put on; to keep a diary; to make an entry
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
study; diligence; discount; reduction
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
tsukemono; Japanese pickled vegetables
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
entry to school or university; matriculation; enrolment (in university, etc.) (enrollment)
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
continuation; rest (of the story, work, etc.); flow (e.g. of a piece of writing); pacing (of a story); succession (of); sequence