strict; rigid; exact; fair; impartial
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
result; consequence; coming to fruition; bearing fruit; as a result; consequently
role; assignment; position (of responsibility); post; part (in a play, film, etc.); role
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
comfort; ease; easy; simple; (economically) comfortable; raku pottery
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
to be decided; to be settled; to be unchanging; to be the same (as always); to be a fixed rule; to be destined; to be well executed (of a manoeuvre in a sport, game, etc.)
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to succeed; to relieve; to take the place of; to substitute for; to be exchanged; to change (places with)
to give; to confer; to bestow; to kindly do for one; to oblige; to favour
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
to be (in contrast to something that is not the case)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
leading part; leading actor; leading actress
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to act (a part); to play (a role); to perform (a play, etc.); to put on (a production); to commit (a blunder); to disgrace oneself
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
agreement; consent; same opinion; same view; same meaning
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to mind; to care about; to be an issue; to matter; to keep company; to care for; to interfere with
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
please; somehow or other; one way or another
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
Eh?; What?; Come on!; Damn!
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
in this way; thus; such; uh...
I'm sorry; my apologies; excuse me; pardon me
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
as a matter of fact; by the way; to tell you the truth; to be honest; frankly
to have a go; to try and do (something); to take a chance with something
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to wave; to shake; to sprinkle; to throw (dice); to cast (actor); to allocate (work); to turn down (somebody)