now; the present time; just now; another; more
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
photograph; photo; picture; moving picture; movie
suffix for familiar person
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
a line; a streak; one item (in an itemized form); one clause; one matter (affair, event, case, incident); (arch.) the same logic
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
perhaps; possibly; maybe; if; in case; in the event that
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
here I am; I'm home!; presently; right away; right now
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to change; to alter; to transform; to reform; to revise; to amend
to build up; to establish; to form; to become (a state); to accomplish; to achieve; to change into
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
son (of others); boy; young master; green young man from a well-to-do family; young man innocent of the ways of the world
one's business; reading of scriptures before a (statue of) Buddha; bargain; discount; (arch.) money paid to a prostitute or geisha
trouble (I have put you through); (your) hard work; thank you for your hard work; I appreciate your efforts
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
heh-heh; hee-hee; ha ha; (arch.) female genitals; (arch.) vagina; (arch.) vulva
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
to obtain; to come into possession of; to get hold of; to get one's hands on
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
(picture) frame; framed picture; amount (esp. of money); sum
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to put in; to let in; to admit; to accept; to accept; to comply; to include
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to leak out (a secret); to be exposed (a lie, improper behaviour, etc.); to be found out; to get away (of fish)
(following a verb) to be sure to; to do (something) so that ...; to make sure to; to try to
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
after all; in the end; conclusion; end; end of a game of go, shogi, etc.
promise; agreement; convention; rule; destiny; fate
girl; daughter; baby girl; young woman
which way; which direction; which one (esp. of two alternatives); who
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
as it is; as one likes; because; condition; state
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
how; in what way; how about
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
beyond this point; from now on; after this
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!