tsuzumi; hourglass-shaped Japanese hand drum; drum (general term for struck leather percussion instruments)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
wave; billow; ups and downs; (something) advancing step by step; (something) surging forward inopposably; tendency
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
the present; present time; as of; present tense; this world; this life
time; (the) hour; favourable time; opportunity; chance
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
3 o'clock; afternoon snack (eaten around 3 o'clock); three ages of Buddhism (following the death of Gautama Buddha; age of the true law, age of the copied law, and age of the degeneration of the law); three ages of the dharma
half; semi-; half-past; odd number; (arch.) han (unit of land area, approx. 595.8 m^2)
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to want; to wish for; to request; to demand; to seek; to search for
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
time; hour; period; class
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
don't you think?; indicates question
Sapporo (city in Hokkaido)
being in charge (of an area of responsibility); being responsible (for a work role, etc.)
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
completely ordinary; plain; commonplace; everyday
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to begin; to start; to happen (again); to begin (anew); to date (from); to originate (in)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
now; the present time; just now; another; more
staring at; gazing at; eyeballing; glaring; giving a hard look
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
brown bear (Ursus arctos)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that ...
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
normal; ordinary; normally; ordinarily; local train; train that stops at every station
mountain; hill; mine; (mountain) forest; heap; pile; protruding or high part of an object
mountain stream; valley; dale; wetlands; swamp; marsh