suffix for familiar person
thank you (for your hard work); good work; see you; goodbye; goodnight
you're welcome; don't mention it; not at all; my pleasure
that child; that kid; that boy; (arch.) you
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to buy; to purchase; to value (highly); to think highly of; to incur (someone's anger, displeasure, etc.); to elicit (e.g. sneers)
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
oh; right; I see; OK; gotcha
too; also; still; as before; even so; either way
severe; strict; hard (to do); difficult; intense (e.g. cold); harsh (weather)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
horse; horse racing; promoted bishop; knight (court card in mekuri karuta and unsun karuta)
all; entire; whole; altogether
to sell; to betray; to sell out (one's friend, country, etc.); to make (oneself) known; to establish (a reputation) for oneself; to pick (a fight, quarrel, etc.)
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
grandfather; male senior-citizen
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
physical; relating to stamina; in terms of physical strength
tough; hard; determined; strong-minded; strong (e.g. sunlight, alcohol); severe
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
good thing; strong point; good family; prestigious school; the right moment; utter
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
-ness; indicates assertion; come (on); come now; er; um; indicates scrutiny, critique or mistrust
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
society; public; community; social studies
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
to say something is all right; to give the all-clear (e.g. to do something)
divine spirit; spirit of the dead
farm (livestock); stock farm; ranch; pasture; meadow; grazing land
to take over; to obtain by transfer; to inherit; to buy; to purchase
spirit; mind; nature; disposition; intention; mind; mood
piece (in shogi, chess, etc.); (arch.) horse; (arch.) foal; bridge (of a violin, etc.)
place; spot; field; discipline; occasion; situation; scene (of a play, movie, etc.)
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
for generations; from generation to generation; generation after generation; through the ages
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become