indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
quite; entirely; completely; as if; as though; just like
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
long thin brown "naoko" mushroom
homework; assignment; pending issue; unresolved problem; open question
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
what's the matter?; what's wrong?; what happened (to) ...?; what have you done (with) ...?; where is ...?
by myself; in person; by oneself
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
useless; no future in it; doesn't make sense; having no point
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
notebook; copy-book; note; noting down; (musical) note; laptop (computer)
to bring; to take (something) along; to fetch; to get
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
cruel; heartless; violent; intense; very bad; terrible
myself; yourself; I; me; you
to compare (something) to; to liken; to speak figuratively; to use a simile; to use a metaphor
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)