indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
(computer) monitor; consumer who comments on products, television programs, etc. (programmes); program or utility that monitors a program or activity
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
summons; summonsing; citation; subpoena; arraigning; calling
sky; heaven; God; svarga (heaven-like realm visited as a stage of death and rebirth); deva (divine being of Buddhism); top (of a book); sole (of a Japanese sandal)
effect; effectiveness; efficacy; effects (e.g. sound effects, visual effects, special effects)
attack; assault; attempt; try
show (of power, ability, etc.); exhibition; demonstration; display; manifestation
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
edge (of a knife or sword); prong (of an electrical plug)
hour; o'clock; (specified) time; when ...; during ...
level; standard; level (plane); floor; spirit level; (surveyor's) level
infinity; infinitude; eternity; infinite; limitless
warrior (esp. of military retainers of daimyos in the Edo period); samurai
broadcast(ing) satellite; BS; satellite television
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
dragon (as depicted in Western myths)
other self; alter ego; part of oneself (in someone or something else); incarnations of Buddha
adds force or indicates command
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
you; you bastard; you son of a bitch; (arch.) you
fatigue; weariness; exhaustion; tiredness
Mt.; Mount; (fig.) Mt.; (fig.) Mount
magic; Magic Marker; felt-tip pen; magic number
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
truth; reality; sincerity; honesty; content; substance
card (information, filing, etc.); card (greetings, congratulations, etc.); (Western) playing cards; credit card; debit card; match; game
tree; shrub; bush; wood; timber
dragon (esp. a Chinese dragon); naga; semi-divine human-cobra chimera in Hindu and Buddhist mythology; promoted rook