indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
(computer) monitor; consumer who comments on products, television programs, etc. (programmes); program or utility that monitors a program or activity
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
summons; summonsing; citation; subpoena; arraigning; calling
year; age; years; past one's prime; old age
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
white; innocence; innocent person; blank space; white go stone; white dragon tile; skewered grilled pig intestine
destruction; disruption; (application) crash
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
flame; blaze; flames (of intense emotion, e.g. love, jealousy, anger); passion
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
match; game; bout; contest
attack; assault; attempt; try
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
effect; effectiveness; efficacy; effects (e.g. sound effects, visual effects, special effects)
shadow; silhouette; reflection; image; ominous sign; light (stars, moon)
war; battle; match; game; competition
show (of power, ability, etc.); exhibition; demonstration; display; manifestation
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
body double; double; wire puller; person behind the scenes; shadow commander
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
adds force or indicates command