indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
summons; summonsing; citation; subpoena; arraigning; calling
core; core; hardcore; all-out
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
card (information, filing, etc.); card (greetings, congratulations, etc.); (Western) playing cards; credit card; debit card; match; game
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
attribute; property; context; character class, type, fetish, etc.
hour; o'clock; (specified) time; when ...; during ...
attack; assault; attempt; try
effect; effectiveness; efficacy; effects (e.g. sound effects, visual effects, special effects)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
show (of power, ability, etc.); exhibition; demonstration; display; manifestation
rudeness; impoliteness; discourtesy; insolence
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
level; standard; level (plane); floor; spirit level; (surveyor's) level
furthermore; again; after all; more and more; moreover; even more
putting into operation; invocation