indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
myself; yourself; I; me; you
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
deck (e.g. ship, tape, cassette, observation, train vestibule)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
destruction; disruption; (application) crash
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
road; path; route; way; distance; journey; road (e.g. to victory)
summons; summonsing; citation; subpoena; arraigning; calling
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
young lady of noble birth; princess (esp. in Western contexts, tales, etc.); girl; small; cute; (arch.) prostitute
attack; assault; attempt; try
to believe; to believe in; to place trust in; to confide in; to have faith in
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
to cross over; to cross; to pass through; to exceed; to surpass; to be more (than)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
in that way; thus; so; so?
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
love; affection; attachment; craving; agape; Ireland
effect; effectiveness; efficacy; effects (e.g. sound effects, visual effects, special effects)
victory or defeat; match; contest; game
oneself (itself, etc.); I; me; you; by oneself (itself, etc.); interjection expressing anger or chagrin
great speed; extreme speed; swiftness
temple dedicated to Kannon