yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
test (of ability, knowledge, etc.); exam; test (of performance, quality, etc.); trial; rehearsal
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
publication of results; announcement of results
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to be able to do; to be possible; to be good at; to do well; to come into existence; to form; to be made
yes?; no?; isn't it?; is it?
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
then; well; so; well then
I'm off (and will be back later); see you later; to go (and then come back)
line (of text); row; carya (austerities); samskara (formations); semi-cursive style (of writing Chinese characters); running style
to sharpen; to hone; to wash (rice); to scour; to polish
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young woman; young (animal); offshoot
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of
woman; female; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; 's; of
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to cry; to shed tears; to suffer (from); to be troubled (by); to accept (an unreasonable request, loss, etc.); to do reluctantly
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
spare time; free time; time (it takes to do something); time required; time off; leave; dismissal
it is ... that ...; precisely; although; while; it is precisely because ... that ...; only because ...
absolutely; definitely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
capsule toy; vending machine toy; gacha; loot box; lottery (i.e. something decided by chance)
key; lock; key (to a problem, success, etc.); clue
to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to open (for business, etc.); to empty; to remove; to move out; to clear out
sound; noise; (musical) note; fame
hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
sacred tree; support pillars of the traditional fire festival bonfires
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
Japanese bigleaf magnolia (Magnolia obovata)
hello; good day; good afternoon