if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
to be raised (e.g. child); to be brought up; to grow (up)
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
father; dad; husband; you; he
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
curry (esp. Japanese curry); rice and curry
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
adds force or indicates command
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
(not) anything; (nothing) at all; and everything else; and all; (not) at all; (not) in the least
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
how; in what way; how about
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
gate; branch of learning based on the teachings of a single master; division; phylum; counter for cannons
to open; to undo; to bloom; to unfold; to open (for business, e.g. in the morning); to be wide (gap, etc.); to widen
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
more and more; all the more; at last; finally; (at the) last moment; worst possible time
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
lonely; lonesome; solitary; desolate
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
when; at what time; how soon; normal times; ordinary days
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
hostel; dormitory; (arch.) bureau (government department beneath a ministry under the ritsuryo system); (arch.) tea-ceremony room; (arch.) villa