root (of a plant); root (of a tooth, hair, etc.); center (of a pimple, etc.); root (of all evil, etc.); source; one's true nature
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); province (of Japan)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to fall; to drop; to set (of the sun or moon); to sink; to decrease (of popularity, quality, speed, sales, etc.); to fall; to be inferior (to)
sword (esp. a large, double-edged one); blade; bayonet; swordsmanship; stinger; ovipositor
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
origin; source; basis; base; cause; (raw) material; ingredient
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence; power
white; innocence; innocent person; blank space; white stone; white dragon tile; skewered grilled pig intestine
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to give one's name (as); to introduce oneself (as); to claim to be; to call oneself; to reveal oneself (as); to admit to being
soul; spirit; willpower; vitality; something as important as one's own life; something invaluable
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to meet (by chance); to come across; to meet (e.g. of rivers, highways, etc.); to emerge and engage (an enemy)
one (esp. of two); the other; on the one hand; on the other hand; whereas; although
destruction; disruption; (application) crash
restoration to life; coming to life again; reformation; rehabilitation; recycling; reclamation; playback
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
start; commencement; beginning; initiation
furthermore; again; after all; more and more; moreover; even more
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
condition; term; requirement; qualification; prerequisite
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
release; unleashing; liberation; deallocation (of computer memory)
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
to leave (behind); to leave (undone); to not finish; to save; to set aside; to leave (to someone, esp. after one's death)
sky; the air; weather; far-off place; distant place; state of mind; feeling
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
crisis; critical situation; emergency; pinch
to approach; to draw near; to be imminent; to press (someone for something); to urge; to compel
darkness; the dark; bewilderment; despair; hidden place; secrecy
battle; war; fight (against time, poverty, etc.); struggle (for freedom, survival, etc.); contest; competition
position in a game; state of the game; situation; stage; phase
to go out to meet; to receive; to call for; to summon; to accept (e.g. as a member of a group or family); to take (e.g. a wife)
deep affection; dear; beloved
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
people; citizens; subjects; folk
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
no sleep or rest; working day and night
labor; labour; work; Labour Party
other; another; over; more than; I; me
to take pride in; to pride oneself; to be proud of