indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
sword (esp. a large, double-edged one); blade; bayonet; swordsmanship; stinger; ovipositor
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
suffix for familiar person
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
chalk (mineral); white wall
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
level; standard; level (plane); floor; spirit level; (surveyor's) level
attack; assault; attempt; try
blade; sword; forged blade; wavy pattern on forged blades; sharpness; unhulled rice
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
now; the present time; just now; another; more
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
effect; effectiveness; efficacy; effects (e.g. sound effects, visual effects, special effects)
king; ruler; tycoon; magnate; king (of the senior player)
white; innocence; innocent person; blank space; white go stone; white dragon tile; skewered grilled pig intestine
summons; summonsing; citation; subpoena; arraigning; calling
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?