indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
darkness; the dark; bewilderment; despair; hidden place; secrecy
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence
king; ruler; tycoon; magnate; king (of the senior player)
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
now; the present time; just now; another; more
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
other; another; over; more than; I; me
summons; summonsing; citation; subpoena; arraigning; calling
blade; sword; forged blade; wavy pattern on forged blades; sharpness; unhulled rice
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
effect; effectiveness; efficacy; effects (e.g. sound effects, visual effects, special effects)
sword (esp. a large, double-edged one); blade; bayonet; swordsmanship; stinger; ovipositor
night under the midnight sun; white night (at extreme latitudes); night during which the sun doesn't set
empress dowager; queen mother
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
show (of power, ability, etc.); exhibition; demonstration; display; manifestation