indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
shooting (a ball); shot (on basket, at goal, etc.); shoot (of a tree or plant); chute; shuuto; shootball
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
adds force or indicates command
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
match; game; bout; contest
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
definitely; absolutely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
god; deity; incredible; fantastic; (arch.) Emperor (of Japan); (arch.) thunder
black; black go stone; guilt; guilty person
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
practice; training; drill; (an) exercise; workout
victory; triumph; conquest; success; win
war; battle; match; game; competition
invincible; unrivaled; unrivalled; matchless; unbeatable; undefeatable
pork-cutlet sandwich; tonkatsu sandwich
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!