right; right-hand side; afore-mentioned (esp. in vertical Japanese writing); foregoing; forgoing
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
first; first base; first baseman; fast
black; black go stone; guilt; guilty person
bone; frame; outline; core; backbone; spirit
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
people; citizens; subjects; folk
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to meet; to assemble; to congregate
promise; agreement; convention; rule; destiny; fate
ground; earth; the solid earth; the (vast) land
flick (hockey, fencing, touch-screen, etc.)
indeed; really; absolutely; truly; actually; very
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
wrong; not good; hopeless; past hope; must not do
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
to hew; to chop up; to mangle; to mince
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
samsara; cycle of death and rebirth; being reborn; reincarnation
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
to repeat; to do something over again
eternity; perpetuity; permanence; immortality
to continue; to last; to continue (without a break); to be unbroken; to occur again and again; to lead to; to connect to
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to cover; to hide; to conceal; to wrap; to disguise
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
restoration (to original state or location); reconstruction; reversion
to fall down; to drop; to be omitted; to be missing; to decrease; to sink; to fail (e.g. exam or class)
to shake; to sway; to waver
always; without exception; necessarily; certainly; without fail; positively
as before; as ever; as it was originally
origin; source; base; basis; cause; ingredient; material
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
another; one more; not quite; not very good; lacking
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof