indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
carapace; shell; 1st in rank; grade A; instep; back of hand
congratulation; celebration
Iga (former province located in the west of present-day Mie Prefecture)
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
judge (of the Imperial Prosecuting and Investigating Office); judicial officer; minister of justice; Imperial Prosecuting and Investigating Office
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
to say; to be called; to do
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
great numbers (of people); numerical superiority; masses; people; folk; clique
guard on sword, polearms, etc.; flange; brim; visor (e.g. of a hat)
hidden; concealed; unknown; passing away; dying; death
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
ninja; person trained in ninjutsu and employed for covert purposes in feudal Japan
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
adds force or indicates command
than; from; out of; except; but; more
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
I; me; oneself; (arch.) you; (arch.) prefix indicating familiarity or contempt
clique; group; (political) faction; wing; school; sect
swastika (esp. counterclockwise form as a Buddhist symbol); fylfot; swastika-shaped family crest; wow; yeah
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding