indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to disappear; to vanish; to go out (of a fire, light, etc.); to die; to fade (of a feeling, impression, etc.); to vanish (e.g. of hope); to go away (e.g. of a smell, itchiness, sleepiness)
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
protection; defense; providence; amulet; charm
pillar; post; support; prop; counter for buddhas, gods, nobles, etc.
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to come down; to go down; to hang; to dangle; to move back; to step back; to deteriorate
to cease; to desist; to cut it out; to lay off (an activity); to drop (a subject) to abolish; to resign
worry; concern; anxiety; care; help; aid
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
human realm; world of humans; terrestrial world
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
just one person; only one
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
parent; parents; dealer (in cards, mahjong, etc.); banker; founder; inventor; (pet) owner
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
how much; something over; and something; however (much); no matter how
to search about for; to hunt around for; to look high and low for; to look everywhere for
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to discover; to find (e.g. an error in a book); to locate; to find (e.g. something missing); to be used to seeing; to be familiar with
to be able (to); to be possible (to)
battle; fight; war; struggle; conflict
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
extinction; extinguishment; disappearance; annihilation
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
young female rice planter; young girl
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
to go by; to go past; to run (between; of a rail service, bus route, etc.); to operate (between); to go indoors; to go into a room; to penetrate